Greene Artifacts – Kerosene Brooder Heater

It’s safe to say that in the not-so-distant past, every farm and many households in Greene County raised chickens to have a steady supply of fresh eggs. Many people, both on and off the farm, do today as well.
If you have hens and a rooster, chances are you might try hatching some of your own eggs. In the “natural world” so to speak, Hens will gather a clutch of eggs, not necessarily all their own, and sit on them for roughly 21 days, keeping them warm until they ultimately hatch. Hens that have a strong desire to sit on eggs are considered “Broody.” However, selective breeding over many, many years focused solely on egg production has caused hens to lose this broody nature. In today’s world, you often will use an electric brooder that is heated, some even automatically rotate the eggs, and it can be a totally automated process.

In ages past, they had the need to incubate eggs and keep them warm, so that they could hatch. However, this was an entirely less automated process.

Such was the need for a Brooder Heater, as shown in the photo here. This specific type of heater could be used to heat a Coop, a Brooder House (A small structure designed solely for the process of incubating eggs) or a Brooder Box, basically just a box with a heater to keep the eggs warm.

Note that this specific Brooder heater has a glass chimney. This is likely not original. In many cases the chimney (used to encase the burner and the flame) was made from either tin or galvanized steel, often with a mica window to see the size of the flame to help regulate temperature. Sometimes, they would come with attachments that could be used to candle eggs. Candling eggs is an extremely old method used to determine if an egg is fertilized and developing. Basically, you focus light on the egg, and you can see if there is a developing embryo or chick inside the shell.

Our agricultural past is something that is slowly becoming a thing of the past, and artifacts such as this can be an instant reminder of the way of life remembered by our parents and grandparents and many generations before them.

Please keep an eye on our Website and Facebook page for more information on our opening day and other events in our 2025 season.

About Matt Cumberledge

Matt has been a lifelong resident of Brave, in Wayne Township where his family first settled in the 1770s. Matt graduated from Waynesburg Central High School in 2000, and afterwards worked for Developed Structures Inc, in Waynesburg where he was in charge of quality and control of drawings going to steel fabrication shops throughout the country. Matt then spent 7 years in the Army National Guard, based out of Waynesburg PA, and was deployed to Iraq twice. Following the military, Matt worked for the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections until 2018. He is currently the Greene County Historical Society’s executive director. Matt joined the GreeneScene team in early 2019, as a contributing writer providing the “Going Greene” and “Greene Artifacts” columns, as well as additional articles. “Writing for the GreeneScene has been one of the most fun decisions I have ever made,” according to Matt, “I love the positive nature of the paper and the support it provides to the community.” Outside of work, Matt is involved in many local organizations: Cornerstone Genealogical Society, The Warrior Trail Association, The Mon Yough Chapter of the Society for Pennsylvania Archaeology, Greene County Tourism and several others. Matt is a hobbyist blacksmith, and enjoys doing carpentry work.

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